Small Business Taxes

Understanding Pass‑Through Taxation for LLCs and S‑Corps

Updated 2025-10-28

How pass‑through income works, what shows up on your personal return, and where payroll and self‑employment taxes apply.

  1. What is pass‑through tax?
  2. Schedule K‑1 & owner reporting
  3. Self‑employment & payroll taxes
  4. The QBI deduction (overview)

What is pass‑through taxation?

Business profits “pass through” to owners, who pay tax at individual rates. The business generally does not pay an entity‑level income tax.

Schedule K‑1 & owner reporting

Owners receive a K‑1 showing their share of income, deductions, credits, and other items to report on their personal returns.

Self‑employment & payroll taxes

The Qualified Business Income (QBI) deduction

Many pass‑through owners may qualify for a deduction on qualified business income, subject to thresholds and limitations.