Small Business Taxes

Understanding Payroll Taxes: Employer vs. Employee Responsibilities

Updated 2025-10-28

A plain‑English breakdown of Social Security, Medicare, federal/state income tax withholding, FUTA/SUTA, and reporting cycles.

  1. The payroll tax map
  2. Withholding vs. employer taxes
  3. Filing & reporting cadence
  4. Cash‑flow planning

The payroll tax map

Withholding vs. employer taxes

Employees fund part of FICA via withholding; employers match the FICA share and pay unemployment taxes. Some localities add additional payroll taxes.

Filing & reporting cadence

Cash‑flow planning

Automate deposits, reconcile payroll clearing accounts monthly, and forecast gross‑to‑net to avoid shortfalls.